Ace CP Biology 2026: Decode the Secrets of Inheritance!

The main idea tested is how many chromosomes gametes carry and how they’re formed. Gametes are haploid cells—they contain half the chromosome number of somatic (body) cells. In humans, somatic cells have 46 chromosomes, so gametes have 23. This halving happens during meiosis, not mitosis, and it’s what allows chromosome numbers to recombine properly when a sperm and egg unite during fertilization, restoring the full diploid set in the zygote. Because of this, the statement that they contain the full set of chromosomes is false, and the statement that they are formed by mitosis is also false. Gametes do contain DNA and carry genetic information.